first-hand
-1 a. நேரடியான, இடையீடின்றிப் பெறப்பட்ட.
First"-hand`, a. Defn: Obtained directly from the first or original source; hence, without the intervention of an agent. One sphere there is . . . where the apprehension of him is first-hand and direct; and that is the sphere of our own mind. J. Martineau.